Hydroponics

Hydroponics is the growing of plants in a medium other than soil, such as a nutrient-rich liquid.

The maintained a hydroponic greenhouse to provide fresh fruits and vegetables for the crew's mess. 

Some Federation starships have laboratories devoted to hydroponics. The USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D) had a hydroponics laboratory, which was to be visited by the winners of the primary school science fair in 2368. The USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-E) had a hydroponics laboratory on deck 11. Deep Space 9 also had a hydroponic garden. 

In 2370, Rigel IV hosted a conference on hydroponics. 

The USS Voyager did not have a hydroponics lab, but the variable environmental controls in cargo bay two could support hydroponics equipment. Shortly after Kes joined the crew in 2371, she volunteered to establish a hydroponics bay in cargo bay two in order to provide fresh fruits and vegetables. She used nitrogenated soil instead of an alternative for Voyager's hydroponics lab. 

In 2375, Dukat and his Cult of the Pah-wraiths turned some of the lower levels of Empok Nor into hydroponic bays in order to grow food, as they could not activate the replicators. 

External link
Hydroponischer Garten