Grade

In education, a grade was a standardized evaluation of a student's understanding of a topic, subject, or discipline as judged by a teacher or professor. Letter grades ("A"–"F") were given in both primary school and at Starfleet Academy. 

In 2376, Chakotay handed Kathryn Janeway Seven of Nine's ship-wide efficiency analysis, Janeway asked, "did we get a passing grade?", to which Chakotay replied, "barely."

An alternative to letter grades, especially for students of younger ages, a gold star may be awarded. When Seven of Nine introduced One to B'Elanna Torres, she described Torres as having "a volatile temperament." Unclear on the meaning, One accessed his memory and defined the term "volatile" as meaning "readily vaporizable at low temperature; easily aroused, tending to violent eruption." Upon completion of his definition, Torres sarcastically remarked, "Very good. You get a gold star."

Primary school
While attending school aboard the USS Enterprise (NCC-1701-D), Wesley Crusher bragged to Guinan that he always got A's on his science projects. Guinan added that Dr. Frankenstein did too. 

After Wesley Crusher was assigned to the USS Hathaway in 2365 as part of a wargame, he pretended to have forgotten about a "very critical experiment" he was working on for his final grade in plasma physics. 

In 2370, Benjamin Sisko claimed to the Miles O'Brien replicant that he was talking to Keiko O'Brien about his son's slipping grades. O'Brien later offered to have Jake assist him with a sort of work-study experience, as "a chance to get your grades back up." Jake was eager to assist, provided that it was not a conflict of interest, and added, "my grades are great. I want to keep them that way."

Later that year, Jake begged his father to have Nog join them on their trip to the Gamma Quadrant for a science project, claiming that, "if Nog doesn't get a good grade on this project he's going to drop out of school."

When Nog asked Benjamin Sisko to be his sponsor for recommendation into Starfleet Academy, in 2371, Sisko's initial response was, "your reputation on this station leaves a lot to be desired. Your school grades are mediocre at best, and you've had run-ins with Constable Odo."

Starfleet Academy
When Doctor Katherine Pulaski asked Data if he was qualified to pilot a shuttlecraft, he told her, "certainly. I had training in auxiliary space vessels at Starfleet Academy. I received...", at which point she interrupted and said, "a more than passing grade, no doubt."

Kathryn Janeway would have earned an "A" in her exogenetics course at the Academy had she not missed the question on the topic of nucleotide resonance frequency her senior year. 

Tom Paris took a Survival Strategies course at the Academy taught by his father. When Neelix learned of this, he told Tom that he hoped that Tom had a passing grade. Tom told him that he had gotten a "B&minus;". Neelix said he thought that that was "not very encouraging. I guess he didn't play favorites, huh?"

When Curzon Dax first met Jadzia, he described her as "the quietest, shyest most withdrawn young woman you've ever known. Brilliant... top grades... and not a clue to what life was about."

In late 2370, Beverly Crusher learned from Admiral Brand that her son's Starfleet Academy grades were dropping, and that he was becoming remote and defensive, adding that if he was not careful, he would "wash out." 

Red Squad, which was newly established group of elite cadets, was described by Nog to Benjamin Sisko as a way of rewarding excellence among the cadets. In 2372, Nog wished to join Red Squad, explaining to Sisko that "I have the grades to qualify but I need to be sponsored by a high-ranking officer."

In an alternate 2404, Joe confronted Reginald Barclay on the whereabouts of Kathryn Janeway who had traveled back in time to speed up USS Voyager's trip home, Barclay tried to avoid the question by telling Joe that he had some "papers to grade."