Ranger

The Ranger spacecraft was a program of early NASA space probes, flown by the Earth's United States of America during the early 1960s.

A record of the launch and flight plans for Ranger 3 through 5 were available in the Enterprise library computer, as well as pictures and plan views of three distinct versions of this design. This data was flashed on a viewscreen when the Talosians scanned the Enterprise computer in 2254. 

Ranger Block I
The Ranger Block I was used in the first series of Ranger launches intended to test the Atlas-Agena rocket in preparation for future missions to reach the Moon.

Components for the Block I included: ion chamber, omni antenna, magnetometer, Lyman Alpha telescope, Earth sensor, antenna gear box, solar panels, high-gain antenna, electrostatic analyzer, and sun sensor. 

Ranger Block II
The Ranger Block II was used in the second series of launches in the Ranger program designed for achieving Lunar orbit. Ranger 5 was one such probe in this series.

Components for the Block II included: lunar capsule, omnidirectional antenna, RADAR altimeter, solar panels, thermal shroud, gamma-ray spectrometer, midcourse motor, retrorocket, TV camera and high-gain antenna. 

Ranger Block III
The Ranger Block III was used in the third series of launches in the Ranger program designed for achieving Lunar orbit. Ranger 7 was one such probe in this series. 

Apocrypha
Some historical craft named Ranger have been the namesakes for starfaring vessels and Federation starships in numerous non-canon works and games. A Ranger-class starship was part of the FASA RPG, appearing in such sources as the Federation Ship Recognition Manual. A different, earlier, Ranger-class based on an unused Matt Jefferies starship design was part of the Last Unicorn Games ship list, appearing in the Starfleet Operations Manual, among others. A USS Ranger appears in Star Trek: Shattered Universe and Star Trek: New Worlds promotional material.

Federation
Ranger was also a Miranda class starship from the mid 23rd century to the early 24th century.

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Programme Ranger