Transporter psychosis

Transporter psychosis was an incurable medical condition. It was caused by a breakdown of neurochemicals during transport, affecting the body's motor functions, autonomic systems and the higher reasoning centers of the brain.

A victim of transporter psychosis suffered from paranoid delusions, multi-infarct dementia, hallucinations (somatic, tactile, and visual), and psychogenic hysteria. Peripheral symptoms include sleeplessness, accelerated heart rate, diminished eyesight leading to acute myopia, painful spasms in the extremities, and, in most cases, dehydration. 

There were cases of transporter psychosis reported as early as the mid 22nd century, however it wasn't officially diagnosed until 2209 on Delinia II. It was eliminated by the invention of the multiplex pattern buffer in the 2310s. 

In 2369, Lieutenant Reginald Barclay believed that he was suffering from transporter psychosis after he was infected by quasi-energy microbes while transporting to the disabled USS Yosemite. This was significant as there had not been a fully diagnosed case in almost sixty years.